| January 1 | Official reopening of the White House |
| January 2 | Lord Byron completes "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage" (4th canto) |
| January 21 | Keats writes his poem "On a Lock of Milton's Hair" |
| January 30 | Keats composes his sonnet, "When I Have Fears" |
| February 7 | 1st successful U.S. educational magazine "Academician," begins (New York City) |
| February 12 | Chile gains independence from Spain |
| February 17 | Baron Karl von Drais de Sauerbrun patents "draisine" (early bicycle) |
| March 18 | Congress approves 1st pensions for government service |
| April 4 | Congress decided U.S. flag is 13 red and white stripes and 20 stars |
| April 7 | General Andrew Jackson conquers St. Marks Florida from Seminole indians |
| April 14 | U.S. Medical Corp forms |
| April 16 | Senate ratifies Rush-Bagot amendment (unarmed US-Canada border) |
| April 21 | Franz Grillparzer's "Sappho," premieres in Vienna |
| April 28 | Monroe proclaims naval disarmament on Great Lakes and Lake Champlain |
| May 4 | Netherlands and England sign treaty against illegal slave handling |
| May 11 | Cincinnati Reds Hod Eller no-hits St. Louis Cardinals, 6-0 |
| May 24 | General Andrew Jackson captures Pensacola Florida |
| May 28 | 1st steam-vessel to sail Great Lakes launched |
| June 3 | Maratha Wars between British and Maratha Confederacy in India ends |
| June 10 | Pesaro opera theater opens with Rossini's "La gaza ladra" |
| July 11 | Keats writes "In the Cottage Where Burns is Born," "Lines Written in the Highlands," and "Gadfly" |
| August 22 | Grand duchy of Bathe forms |
| September 30 | Congress of Aken: Russia, Austria, Prussia, France and England |
| October 8 | 2 English boxers are 1st to use padded gloves |
| October 9 | Congress of Aken returns to France from Libya |
| October 19 | U.S. and Chicasaw Indians sign a treaty |
| October 20 | 49th parallel forms as border between U.S. and Canada |
| October 20 | U.S. and Britain agree to joint control of Oregon country |
| October 24 | Felix Mendelssohn, 9, performs his 1st public concert (Berlin) |
| November 21 | Russia's Czar Alexander I petitions for a Jewish state in Palestine |
| December 3 | Illinois becomes 21st state USA (Admission day) |
| December 24 | Franz Xaver Gruber composes "Silent Night" |
| December 24 | "Silent Night" composed by Franz Joseph Gruber; 1st sung next day |
| December 25 | 1st known Christmas carol ("Silent Night, Holy Night") sung (Austria) |
| December 25 | Handel's Messiah, U.S. premieres in Boston |